Introduction
About the Project
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NAVAJO IRRIGATION--SAN JUAN-CHAMA DIVERSION.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 9, 1958
United States Senate, Subcommittee on Irrigation and Reclamation, of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Washington,
D. C.
The subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 10 a. m. in room 224, Senate Office Building, Senator Clinton P. Anderson (presiding).
Present: Senator Anderson.
Senator Anderson. The subcommittee will be in order.
The hearing today is on S. 3648, to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to construct, operate, and maintain the Navajo
Indian irrigation project and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project as participating projects of the Colorado River
storage project.
We are glad to welcome the distinguished senior Senator from New Mexico, Mr. Chavez, a cosponsor with me of the bill; the
able Representative from New Mexico, Mr. Montoya, and the distinguished Governor of New Mexico, Hon. Edwin L. Mechem.
We also greet a representative group of other New Mexico officials, businessmen, and other private citizens, as well as spokesmen
for Texas and California who have asked to be heard.
This bill was introduced on April 21, 1958. A companion bill, H. R. 12170, sponsored by our able colleague, Representative
Montoya, is pending in the House of Representatives.
The Navajo irrigation development and the San Juan-Chama diversion have been under more or less active investigation for a
quarter of a century. Every possible phase of each development has been thoroughly engineered. Hundreds of thousands of dollars
have been expended in studying water supply, irrigation potentials, soil conditions, and every other economic phase.
These phases included the plight of the Navajo Indians and their urgent need for rehabilitation, through irrigation and development
of agricultural and mineral resources, municipal water supplies for the expanding cities and towns downstream in New Mexico.
The signing into law on April 11, 1956, of legislation authorizing construction of the Colorado River storage project was
the culmination of half a century of research, study, and congressional attention. Some of the engineering studies and land
withdrawals were made as early as 1904.
From 1904 until the present, we have travelled a long, hard road. The seven Colorado River Basin States spent much time and
study over a number of years before ratifying the Colorado River compact in 1922.
The Colorado River compact was intended to make possible development of both upper and lower basins of the Colorado River.
It
recognized a dividing point between the upper and lower basins at Lee's Ferry, Ariz. The compact provides that the upper basin
may consume 7.5 million acre-feet of water each year.
The final agreement to the terms of the compact was a major step forward in opening the way for legislation to authorize the
project. Actually, we could say that this was really the beginning, because 34 years passed before the upper basin got its
projects signed into law, although the lower basin had begun its construction 20 years earlier.
The Navajo and San Juan-Chama projects, as part of the upper Colorado River storage project will be constructed and operated
under the terms of the Colorado River compact of 1922, and the upper basin compact approved by Congress April 6, 1949.
Without these agreements, the upper Colorado River project would never have been recommended by the Federal Government, nor
would the Congress have approved it.
Much has been said in the Congress, in the press, and at gatherings around the Nation relative to the value of the upper Colorado
River project and the various participating projects. Many persons have questioned the wisdom of this and other such projects.
But they are in the minority.
The Upper Colorado River Basin is one of the Nation's most important storehouses of natural resources. This vast treasure
chest may forever lie unopened unless the waters of the Colorado River and its tributaries are put to use.
The purpose of the Navajo irrigation project and the San Juan-Chama project is to provide water for municipal use, water for
agriculture and water for the development of oil and gas, coal, uranium, and the many other minerals and resources that are
found in the northwest part of New Mexico and that are of strategic importance to the safety and welfare of the entire country.
Only time will tell how great a contribution these projects will make to the economy of the Southwest and the Nation as a
whole, but it certainly will be large.
We are all gratified to know that a contract has been awarded for the construction of the Navajo Dam which will begin storing
water for the irrigation of more than 100,000 acres of Navajo Indian land under the irrigation project.
The bill under discussion today makes provision for the authorization of the irrigation part of the Navajo project. This will
include transporting water from the Navajo Dam to Indian lands to bring not only new hope but new opportunities to the more
than 80,000 Navajo Indians in New Mexico and Arizona.
Once the Navajo irrigation project is in operation, we will have fulfilled some of the promises made to the Navajos in the
treaty of 1868. We will have provided water for domestic use for the growing of much desired specialty crops, such as fruit
and vegetables, and for feed for livestock, all of which are badly needed to improve the health and welfare of the Navajo
Indians.
Some of the world's most valuable and vitally needed minerals are in the northwest part of New Mexico. Among them are oil,
natural gas, and uranium. Development of these raw materials requires water and power as well as people, who in turn must
have water for cities and towns. The Navajo irrigation project, along with the storage facilities of the Navajo Dam, will
fill this need.
San Juan-Chama project: The San Juan-Chama project, authorized in this bill, would permit utilization of unappropriated waters
of the San Juan River allocated to the State of New Mexico under the terms of the upper Colorado River compact.
Since studies of the feasibility of this project began, the population growth in the cities and communities along the Rio
Grande River in New Mexico has been phenomenal. Large defense installations have been established at Albuquerque, Los Alamos,
White Sands, and Alamogordo.
Meanwhile, due to protracted drought, water supplies have dwindled. Adding to the problem has been a steady rise in water
requirements for irrigation, municipal, and industrial purposes.
The Indian communities along the Rio Grande, to cope with their health and sanitation problems, must have an increasing supply
of domestic water. Small farming communities on tributary streams in northern New Mexico must have supplemental irrigation
water to which they are entitled.
Presently the Rio Grande waters are fully appropriated, which makes it increasingly necessary that we make use of the surplus
San Juan water by transporting it across the mountains to the Rio Grande.
There it will supplement the present supply and guarantee the security of the defense establishments, and stabilize the general
economy of central New Mexico.
The San Juan-Chama transmountain diversion project will initially transport about 110,000 acre-feet of water annually into
the Rio Grande River. The San Juan River is our last large source of water in New Mexico. This water will relieve our present
situation and permit the use of water than would otherwise go on down the Colorado. We cannot afford to delay this project
indefinitely. It is important to the Nation as well as our State.
In summary, by the Colorado River compacts, New Mexico has been awarded 800,000 acre-feet of water annually from the San Juan
River. Without the Navajo irrigation project and the San Juan-Chama project, we will never be able to put this water to beneficial
use.
S. 3648, together with the report of the Department of Interior, dated July 8, 1958, signed by Fred G. Aandahl, Assistant
Secretary of Interior on S. 3648, and a copy of the proposed coordinated report on the San Juan-Chama project, Colorado-New
Mexico; and the Navajo project, New Mexico, dated September 6, 1957; will be inserted in the record at this point.
The proposed coordinated report was circulated to the States of the Colorado River Basin and other affected States following
its approval by Secretary Fred A. Seaton on October 16, 1957.
There are also attached to the proposed report, correspondence between the Governor of New Mexico and the State engineer of
New Mexico.
(Information referred to follows:)
[S. 3648, 85th Cong., 2d sess.]
A BILL To authorize the Secretary of the Interior to construct, operate, and maintain the Navajo Indian irrigation project
and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project as participating projects of the Colorado River storage project, and for
other purposes
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Congress hereby approves as participating
projects of the Colorado River storage project the Navajo Indian irrigation project as described in the Bureau of Indian Affairs
report entitled ‘‘Navajo Project, New Mexico Feasibility Report, January 1955’’, and as modified by the Bureau of Indian Affairs
Supplemental Report entitled ‘‘Navajo Project, New Mexico Supplemental Report, 1957, to Feasibility Report, January 1955’’,
and the San Juan-Chama project as described in the Bureau of Reclamation report entitled ‘‘San Juan-Chama Project, Colorado-New
Mexico, November, 1955’’, such project plans and reports having been prepared and submitted as required under the provisions
of the Act of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105).
Sec. 2. Pursuant to the provisions of the Act of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105), the Secretary of the Interior is authorized
to construct the Navajo Indian irrigation project to include a net area of one hundred and ten thousand six hundred and thirty
acres of land with an average annual diversion requirement of five hundred and eight thousand acre-feet of water, the repayment
of the costs of construction thereof to be in accordance with the provisions of said Act of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105),
including, but not limited to, section 4 (d) thereof.
Sec. 3.
- (a)In order to provide for the most economical development of the Navajo Indian irrigation project, the Secretary of the Interior
is hereby authorized and directed to declare by publication in the Federal Register that the United States of America holds
in trust for the Navajo Tribe of Indians any legal subdivisions or unsurveyed tracts of federally owned land outside the present
boundary of the Navajo Indian Reservation in New Mexico in townships 28 and 29 north, ranges 10 and 11 west, and townships
27 and 28 north, ranges 12 and 13 west, New Mexico principal meridian, susceptible to irrigation as part of the Navajo Indian
irrigation project or necessary for location of any of the works or canals of such project: Provided, however, That no such legal subdivision or unsurveyed tract shall be so declared to be held in trust by the United States for the
Navajo Tribe until the Navajo Tribe shall have paid the United States the full appraised value thereof: And provided further, That in making appraisals of such lands the Secretary of the Interior shall consider their values as of the date of approval
of this Act, excluding therefrom the value of minerals subject to leasing under the Act of February 25, 1920, as amended (30
U. S. C. 181-286), and such leasable minerals shall not be held in trust for the Navajo Tribe and shall continue to be subject
to leasing under the Act of February 25, 1920, as amended, after the lands containing them have been declared to be held in
trust by the United States for the Navajo Tribe.
- (b)The Navajo Tribe is hereby authorized to convey to the United States, and the Secretary of the Interior is hereby directed
to accept on behalf of the United States, title to any land or interest in land within the above-described townships acquired
in fee simple by the Navajo Tribe, and after such conveyance said land or interest in land shall be held in trust by the United
States for the Navajo Tribe as a part of the Navajo Indian irrigation project.
- (c)The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized and directed to acquire by purchase, exchange, or condemnation any other
land or interest in land within the townships above described susceptible to irrigation as part of the Navajo Indian irrigation
project or necessary for location of any of the works or canals of such project. After such acquisition, said lands or interest
in lands shall be held by the United States in trust for the Navajo Tribe of Indians and the price of such lands or interest
in lands or of the land given in exchange therefor by the United States shall be charged to funds of the Navajo Tribe of Indians
on deposit in the Treasury of the United States.
Sec. 4. In developing the Navajo Indian irrigation project, the Secretary is authorized to provide capacity for municipal
and industrial water supplies or miscellaneous purposes over and above the diversion requirements for irrigation stated in
section 2 of this act. But such additional capacity shall not be constructed and no appropriation of funds for such construction
shall be made unless, prior thereto, contracts have been executed which, in the judgment of the Secretary, provide satisfactory
assurance of repayment of all costs properly allocated to the purposes aforesaid with interest as provided by law.
Sec. 5. The Navajo Indian irrigation project shall be constructed, operated, and maintained subject to the provisions of section
4 of the Act of April 11, 1956 (43 U. S. C. 620c), to the same extent as if such project were authorized by section 1 of said
Act (43 U. S. C. 620). Payment of operation and maintenance charges of the irrigation features of the Navajo Indian irrigation
project shall be in accordance with the provisions of the Act of August 7, 1946 (60 Stat. 867): Provided, That the Secretary of the Interior in his discretion may transfer to the Navajo Tribe of Indians the care, operation, and
maintenance of all or any
part of the Navajo Indian irrigation project works, subject to such rules and regulations as he may prescribe, and, in such
event, the Secretary may transfer to the Navajo Tribe title to movable property necessary to the operation and maintenance
of project works.
Sec. 6. Pursuant to the provisions of the act of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105), the Secretary of the Interior is authorized
to construct, operate, and maintain an initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project, in accordance with the Bureau of Reclamation
report entitled ‘‘Supplemental Report, San Juan-Chama Project, Colorado-New Mexico, May 1957’’, said initial stage to have
an average annual diversion of one hundred and ten thousand acre-feet of water.
Sec. 7.
- (a)No person shall have or be entitled to have the use for any purpose, including uses under the Navajo Indian irrigation project
and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project authorized by sections 2 and 6 of this Act of water stored in Navajo Reservoir
or of any other waters of the San Juan River and its tributaries originating above Navajo Dam to the use of which the United
States is entitled, except under contract satisfactory to the Secretary of the Interior and conforming to the provisions of
this Act. Any such contract shall make provision for a sharing of the run-off available from the San Juan River and its tributaries
above Navajo Dam in any year in which the Secretary anticipates a shortage taking into account both the prospective run-off
and the water in storage, such sharing to be in the same proportion as the normal diversion requirement under said contract
bears to the sum of the normal diversion requirements at said time of shortage under all contracts that have been made hereunder.
The Secretary shall not enter into contracts beyond a total amount of water that, in his judgment, in the event of shortage
will result in a reasonable amount being available for the diversion requirements for the Navajo Indian irrigation project
and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project as specified in sections 2 and 6 of this Act.
- (b)In the event contracts are entered into for delivery from storage in Navajo Reservoir of water not covered by subsection (a)
of this section, such contracts shall be subject to the same provision for sharing water supply in the event of shortage as
in the case of contracts required to be made pursuant to sub-paragraph (a) of this section.
Sec. 8. Section 12 of the Act of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105) shall not apply to the works authorized by this Act. There
are hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such funds as may be
required to carry out the purposes of this Act, but not to exceed $208,000,000.
Interior Department Report on S. 3648
Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C., July 8, 1958.
Hon. James E. Murray, Chairman, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, Washington, D. C.
Dear Senator Murray: This responds to your request for the views of this Department on S. 3648, a bill to authorize the Secretary
of the Interior to construct, operate, and maintain the Navajo Indian irrigation project and the initial stage of the San
Juan-Chama project as participating projects of the Colorado River storage project, and for other purposes.
A proposed coordinated planning report on the Navajo Indian irrigation project and the San Juan-Chama project has been prepared
jointly by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and the Commissioner of Reclamation, and has been approved and adopted by this
Department. Copies have been sent to the affected States for review under the Flood Control Act of 1944 and the act of August
14, 1946, and to the interested Federal agencies for review under existing law and interagency agreements. Since the processing
of the report has not yet been completed, we are not in a position to make any recommendation with respect to the enactment
or provisions of the bill. It is suggested that the committee may wish to defer action on authorizing legislation until the
planning report has been submitted to the Congress.
The proposed plan of development for the Navajo Indian irrigation project contemplates the construction of facilities to provide
a water supply for the irrigation of lands to be developed solely for Indian use. The preservation and propagation of fish
and wildlife would be a purpose of the project. The plan would not provide specific works for recreation or flood-control
benefits.
Prior to construction of the project, studies of incremental canal capacity would be made to determine the feasibility of
conveying domestic and industrial water supplies for potential requirements as recommended in the proposed planning report.
Officials of the State of New Mexico anticipate that a relatively large industrial water demand will develop in the San Juan
River Basin. This would be accompanied by associated water requirements for municipal, domestic, and miscellaneous purposes
in the adjacent areas. Prospective municipal and industrial water users have already expressed interest in receiving water
from the proposed Navajo Canal and have approached the Department in that regard. Section 4 of S. 3648 would authorize the
provision of additional capacity for such purposes over and above the diversion requirements for irrigation on the Navajo
Indian irrigation project.
Water for irrigation of the lands proposed to be included in the Navajo Indian irrigation project would be diverted from Navajo
Reservoir which is now under construction as a storage unit of the Colorado River storage project. A main gravity canal would
extend from Navajo Dam to Kutz Canyon. There the water would be dropped through a powerplant to develop electrical energy
for pumping water to lands in the Newcomb and Bennett Peak areas of the project. The main canal would extend an additional
77 miles beyond the powerplant to serve project lands.
A net area of 110,630 acres of irrigable land has been proposed for development. The area would include off-reservation lands
to be acquired in the South San Juan division and Navajo Indian Reservation lands in the Shiprock division. Section 3 of S.
3648 would provide authority for the acquisition and addition of the off-reservation lands to the proposed project. The project's
productive area, which would exclude farmsteads and other nonproductive areas within farm units, would comprise (a) 8,918
acres served by gravity below the main canal in the South San Juan division and 70,350 acres in the Shiprock division. and
(b) 25,882 acres served from the pump canals in the Shiprock division, or a total of about 105,100 acres. An average annual
diversion of about 508,000 acre-feet of water from San Juan River would be required for that purpose. This would result in
an average annual stream depletion of about 252,000 acre-feet, exclusive of reservoir losses.
The estimated construction cost of the proposed Navajo Indian irrigation project is about $135 million at January 1958 prices.
Operation, maintenance, and replacement costs are estimated to average about $481,000 annually at January 1958 prices for
both 50-year and 100-year periods of analysis. The benefit-cost ratio for the project would be 0.64 to 1 on the basis of direct
irrigation benefits only, and 1.44 to 1 on the basis of total irrigation benefits. The appraisal of annual economic costs
includes the $2 per acre-foot depletion charge of the storage project assigned to all participating projects for all benefit-cost
ratio purposes.
As provided by sections 4 (d) and 6 of Public Law 485, 84th Congress (70 Stat. 105), authorizing the Colorado River storage
project and participating projects, in the event that the Navajo participating project is authorized, payment of costs allocated
to irrigation of Indian-owned, tribal or restricted lands within, under, or served by such project within the capability of
the land to repay is subject to the act of July 1, 1932 (47 Stat. 564); the costs beyond the capability of such lands to repay
are to be determined and, in recognition of the fact that assistance to the Navajo Indians is the responsibility of the entire
Nation, shall be nonreimbursable.
The proposed plan of development for the San Juan-Chama project is designed to improve and stabilize the economy of the water
deficient Rio Grande and Canadian River Basins of New Mexico by providing supplemental water to meet rapidly increasing needs.
This would be accomplished by diverting water from the upper tributaries of the San Juan River. The water would be used for
supplemental irrigation, for replacement of watershed depletions in the Rio Grande Basin, and for an additional supply for
municipal, domestic, and industrial purposes. Recreation and the preservation and propagation of fish and wildlife would also
be purposes of the project. On the basis of January 1958 prices, the estimated construction cost for the project facilities
studied in the plan of development is about $149 million. The evaluated total annual benefits for such a development would
exceed the estimated annual costs in a ratio of about 1.7 to 1.
The proposed plan for initial stage development of the San Juan-Chama project, as recommended by the State of New Mexico,
contemplates an average annual diversion of about 110,000 acre-feet from the San Juan River for utilization
in the Rio Grande in New Mexico. The imported waters would be used for an additional municipal and industrial water supply
(57,300 acre-feet) for the city of Albuquerque; a supplemental irrigation water supply (30,100 acre-feet) to about 39,300
acres of land in the Cerro, Taos, Llano, and Pojoaque tributary irrigation units in the Rio Grande Basin in New Mexico; and
supplemental water (22,600 acre-feet) for irrigation of about 81,600 acres of irrigable land in the existing Middle Rio Grande
Conservancy District. Recreation and the preservation and propagation of fish and wildlife would also be purposes of the initial
stage of development.
The proposed plan of development for the initial stage would involve three major elements, namely, diversion facilities (diversion
dams and conduits), regulation facilities (Heron No. 4 Dam and Reservoir, and enlargement of outlet works of the existing
El Vado Dam), and water use facilities (principally for the tributary irrigation units). Minimum basic recreation facilities
would also be provided at the five project reservoirs.
The estimated construction cost of the project features of the proposed initial stage, on the basis of January 1958 prices,
is about $86 million, which includes $400,000 for minimum basic recreation facilities. Project operation, maintenance, and
replacement costs are estimated at about $346,000 annually for a 50-year period and about $378,000 annually for a 100-year
period. Of the estimated project construction costs, reimbursable allocations of about $29,200,000 have been made tentatively
to municipal and industrial water supply, $53,400,000 to irrigation, and $3 million to future uses. The recreation costs would
be non-reimbursable. The proposed initial stage development would have engineering feasibility and would be economically justified
in that the evaluated total benefits would exceed the estimated annual costs in a ratio of 1.26 to 1 for a 100-year period
of analysis. If direct benefits only are considered in a 50-year period of analysis, that ratio would be about 0.81 to 1.
Cost allocated to municipal and industrial water supply, including interest during construction, would be repaid over a 50-year
period with interest on the unamortized balance. The total to be paid by the municipal and industrial water users would be
about $58,600,000. The cost of raw municipal and industrial water would be about 7.7 cents per 1,000 gallons, or about $25
per acre-foot.
This estimated municipal and industrial water rate would apply to water developed by initial stage construction. Repayment
contract terms and water rates under subsequent development would be subject to reexamination as plans develop and additional
quantities of municipal and industrial water would be contracted. Where necessary, in the adequate financing of any subsequent
development, water rates and repayment provisions could be designed to reflect any significant change in municipal and industrial
use, operation, and maintenance costs associated therewith and other relevant considerations.
Irrigation water users probably would repay about $8 million of the allocation to irrigation. Repayment contracts would be
negotiated and entered into with organizations of the type provided in section 4 of the Colorado River Storage Project Act
of April 11, 1956 (70 Stat. 105), for contracting on the participating projects authorized by section 1 of that act. The costs
allocated to irrigation in excess of the irrigators' ability to repay would be paid from New Mexico's apportionment of the
Upper Colorado River Basin fund revenues as provided in the act. Costs allocated to future uses, which would involve the provision
of excess capacity in the initial stage to permit later project expansion, would also be an obligation against New Mexico's
share of the basin fund revenues, to be paid from that apportionment if not otherwise collected as a result of subsequent
allocations to the water users.
S. 3648, if enacted, would approve the above-described proposed projects as participating projects of the authorized Colorado
River storage project and authorize the construction of the Navajo Indian irrigation project and the initial stage of the
San Juan-Chama project. Authorization of an irrigation development such as the proposed Navajo Indian irrigation project would
implement the recognition given in the act of April 11, 1956, of the Nation's responsibility to help alleviate the severe
economic distress among the Navajo people by providing them an opportunity to earn a respectable standard of living. It would
enable an estimated 1,400 families to establish homes on irrigated farms. The proposed project has the support of the Navajo
Indian Tribe and it is our understanding that an on-the-farm training program, financed with tribal funds, has been undertaken
already to prepare members of the tribe for irrigation farming.
A development such as that which is embraced in the initial stage of the proposed San Juan-Chama project might help materially
to meet the pressing need
for additional supplies of water in the Rio Grande Basin where the uses of water have been developed to the point where they
far exceed available supplies. This need of the Rio Grande Basin vitally affects the welfare of more than half of the population
of New Mexico and, if it is not satisfied in the near future, threatens to check the economic development of the State. Besides
the requirements for irrigation, more water is needed to meet the domestic requirements of a growing urban population and
of industry, particularly in the Albuquerque area.
While we are unable to make any recommendations with respect to the enactment or provisions of the bill in the absence of
final processing of the project planning report and its submission to the Congress, our examination of S. 3648 prompts us
to bring to the committee's attention certain of its provisions, in the interest of clarification and elimination of possible
technical difficulties, as well as information which we have regarding the water supply that would be affected by the construction
of the proposed project.
Section 7 would provide a procedure for the sharing of water during periods of water shortage applicable in the case of water-stored
in Navajo Reservoir and any other waters of the San Juan River and its tributaries originating above Navajo Dam to which the
United States is entitled. This sharing principle, we understand, is the desire of the State of New Mexico and the Navajo
Tribe.
Officials of the State of New Mexico, we are advised, made several river and reservoir operation studies which culminated
in operation study No. 8 as the basis for the language of section 7 (a). Our review and analysis of operation study No. 8
indicates that the State officials assumed certain methods of applying the water-sharing formula which are not clearly indicated
in the language of section 7 (a). If the procedures used in performing operation study No. 8 are to be taken as the proper
manner for determining each contractor's share of water during times of shortage, and we understand that they are, section
7 (a) might be amended to state more clearly what these procedures are to be. In order to do this, section 7 (a) could be
revised to read substantially as follows:
‘‘Sec. 7 (a) No person shall have or be entitled to have the use for any purpose, including uses under the Navajo Indian irrigation
project and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project authorized by sections 2 and 6 of this Act, of water stored in
Navajo Reservoir or of any other waters of the San Juan River and its tributaries originating above Navajo Reservoir to the
use of which the United States is entitled, except under contract satisfactory to the Secretary of the Interior and conforming
to the provisions of this Act. Such contracts, which, in the case of water for Indian uses, shall be executed with the Navajo
Tribe, shall make provision, in any year in which the Secretary anticipates a shortage taking into account both the prospective
runoff originating above Navajo Reservoir and the available water in storage in Navajo Reservoir, for a sharing of the available
water in the following manner: The prospective runoff shall be apportioned between the contractors diverting above and those
diverting at or below Navajo Reservoir in the proportion that the total normal diversion requirement of each group bears to
the total of all normal diversion requirements. In the case of contractors diverting above Navajo Reservoir, each such contract
shall provide for a sharing of the runoff apportioned to said group in the same proportion as the normal diversion requirement
under said contract bears to the total normal diversion requirements of all such contracts that have been made hereunder:
Provided, That for any year in which the foregoing sharing procedure either would apportion to any contractor diverting above Navajo
Reservoir an amount in excess of the runoff anticipated to be physically available at the point of his diversion, or would
result in no water being available to one or more such contractors, the runoff apportioned to said group shall be reapportioned
as near as may be among the contractors diverting above Navajo Reservoir in the proportion that the normal diversion requirements
of each bears to the total normal diversion requirements of the group. In the case of contractors diverting from or below
Navajo Reservoir, each such contract shall provide for a sharing of the remaining runoff together with the available storage
in the same proportion as the normal diversion requirement under said contract bears to the total normal diversion requirements
under all such contracts that have been made hereunder. The Secretary shall not enter into contracts beyond a total amount
of water that, in his judgment, in the event of shortage will result in a reasonable amount being available for the diversion
requirements for the Navajo Indian irrigation project and the initial stage of the San Juan-Chama project as specified in
sections 2 and 6 of this Act.’’
It is our understanding that it is not intended that the water-sharing principle be applicable in the case of the existing
Fruitland, Hogback, Cudai, and Cambridge Indian irrigation projects, nor to extensions of their irrigated acreage totaling
approximately 11,000 acres. The total acreage involved, including that now irrigated, is approximately 26,000 acres. This
intent could be reflected by the addition to section 7 of a new subsection (c) reading substantially as follows:
‘‘(c) This section shall not be applicable to the water requirements of the existing Fruitland, Hogback, Cudai, and Cambridge
Indian irrigation projects, nor to the water required in connection with the extension of the irrigated acreages of the Fruitland
and Hogback Indian irrigation projects in a total amount of approximately 11,000 acres.’’
Section 3 of the bill relates to the inclusion within the Navajo Indian irrigation project of lands which are not now Indian
lands, which lands would be held by the United States in trust for the Indians. It has been the general policy of the Department
to require Indian tribes acquiring lands, particularly lands outside the reservation boundaries, to take those lands in fee.
The principal reasons for this policy are to prevent disrupting the tax base in local communities and to give the Indian groups
an opportunity to manage limited acreages of land free of any control or limitations by the Federal Government. In this case,
however, it appears that officials of the State of New Mexico and of the tribe have reached an understanding that the nonreservation
lands which would be included within the project, including privately owned lands which would have to be acquired, should
have a trust status, and be nontaxable.
Section 5 would authorize the Secretary to transfer to the Navajo Tribe the care, operation and maintenance of the proposed
Navajo Indian irrigation project, together with title to movable property necessary for the operation and maintenance of such
works. There is now pending before the Congress H. R. 11896 which, if enacted, would authorize the transfer to the Navajo
Tribe title to all irrigation project works constructed by the United States within the reservation. In the event of the enactment
of any legislation such as H. R. 11896, it might thereupon be necessary at some future time to consider an appropriate amendment
of section 5 of S. 3648, depending, of course, upon the form of any general legislation on this point.
When your committee shall act upon S. 3648, it may wish to consider modifying certain of its provisions for clarification,
elimination of technical difficulties, and general workability of its provisions substantially along the following lines:
- 1.Amend section 1 by deleting all that language appearing in lines 3 through 8 on page 1 and lines 1 through 7 on page 2, and
substituting therefor the following:
‘‘That, for the purposes of furnishing water for irrigation of irrigable and arable lands, municipal, domestic, and industrial
uses, and replacement of basin depletions in the Rio Grande, providing recreation and fish and wildlife benefits, controlling
silt, and for other beneficial purposes, the Congress hereby approves as participating projects of the Colorado River storage
project the Navajo Indian irrigation project, New Mexico, and the San Juan-Chama project, Colorado-New Mexico. Principal engineering
works of the Navajo Indian irrigation project shall be a main gravity canal, tunnels, siphons, pumps, and powerplants for
project purposes, laterals, drains, distribution systems and related works. The San Juan-Chama project facilities shall be
comprised principally of regulating and storage reservoirs, collection, diversion and conveyance systems, and associated works.’’
- 2.Amend section 2 by (1) adding a comma after the word ‘‘construct’’ in line 10 on page 2, and inserting after it the words
‘‘operate and maintain’’; (2) deleting the words ‘‘to include a net area of’’ appearing in line 11 on page 2 and substituting
therefor the words ‘‘for the principal purpose of furnishing irrigation water to approximately’’; (3) deleting the word ‘‘with’’
in line 12 on page 2 and substituting therefor the words ‘‘, said project to have’’; n and (4) deleting the word ‘‘requirement’’
appearing in line 13 on page
[...].
- 3.Amend section 3 (b) by adding, after the word ‘‘townships’’ appearing in line 24 on page 3, the following: ‘‘, susceptible
to irrigation as part of the Navajo Indian irrigation project or necessary for location of any of the works or canals of
such project,’’. This possible amendment would specify that the authority contained in subsection (b) should apply to lands
which would be used for the same purposes as are specified with respect to the lands to which the authorities contained in
subsections (a) and (c) would apply.
- 4.Change the word ‘‘construed’’ appearing in line 20 on page 4 to read ‘‘constructed’’.
- 5.In section 5, on page 5, (1) delete the first sentence appearing in lines 1 through 4 to be consistent with paragraph numbered
2 above; (2) insert in line 8 after the words ‘‘provisions of’’ the words ‘‘the Act of August 1, 1914 (38 Stat. 582, 583),
as amended by’’; and (3) change the word ‘‘direction’’ in line 10 to ‘‘discretion’’.
- 6.In section 6, delete the words ‘‘in accordance with the Bureau of Reclamation report entitled 'Supplemental Report, San Juan-Chama
Project, Colorado-New Mexico, May 1957'’’ appearing in lines 20 through 23 on page 5 and substitute the following: ‘‘Colorado-New
Mexico, for the principal purposes of furnishing supplemental water supplies to approximately 39,300 acres of land in Cerro,
Taos, Llano, and Pojaaque tributary irrigation units in the Rio Grande Basin, about 81,600 acres of land in the existing Middle
Rio Grande Conservancy District, and municipal, domestic, and industrial uses, and providing recreation and fish and wildlife
benefits.’’
- 7.At the end of section 6 add the following:
‘‘Principal engineering works of the initial stage development involving three major elements, shall include diversion dams
and conduits, storage and regulation facilities at the Heron No. 4 Reservoir site and enlargement of outlet works of the existing
El Vado Dam, and water use facilities consisting of reservoirs, dams, canals, lateral and drainage systems, and associated
works and appurtenances. The construction of recreation facilities at the Nambe Reservoir shall be contingent upon the Secretary's
making appropriate arrangements with the governing body of the Nambe pueblo for the operation and maintenance of such facilities,
and the construction of recreation facilities at the Heron No. 4. Valdez, and Indian Camp Reservoirs shall be contingent upon
the Secretary's making appropriate arrangements with a State or local agency or organization for the operation and maintenance
of those facilities.’’
- 8.The figure of $208 million in section 8 is based on estimates of costs which reflect January 1957 prices. At January 1958
prices the estimated cost of constructing the proposed Navajo Indian irrigation project and initial stage of the San Juan-Chama
project is $221 million. In order to bring the bill up to date in this respect, and, in conformance with the present practice,
to include a price escalation clause, delete the figure ‘‘$208 million’’ appearing in line 11 on page 7 and substitute therefor
‘‘$221 million (January 1958 prices) plus such amounts, if any, as may be required by reason of changes in construction costs
as indicated by engineering cost indices applicable to the types of construction involved therein and, in addition thereto,
such sums as may be required to operate and maintain the projects.’’
The Bureau of the Budget has advised that, while there would be no objection to the submission of such report as we deem appropriate,
it would recomment against the enactment of S. 3648 at this time since it would have no basis, until the review of the planning
report has been completed, to assess the merits of the projects or the need for additional amendments of the bill.
Sincerely yours,
Fred G. Aandahl, Assistant Secretary of the Interior.
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